1179
Events Third Council of the Lateran condemned Waldensians and Cathars as heretics, institutes a reformation of clerical life, and creates the first "ghettos" for Jews Afonso I is recognized as the true King of Portugal by Pope Alexander III, bringing Portugal the protection of the Catholic Church against the Castillian monarchy Philip II is crowned King of France Aberdeen is chartered by William the Lion Westminster School founded on the grounds of Westminster Abbey Births Shimazu Tadahisa, the first of Shimazu clan and Japanese warlord Yaqut al-Hamawi, Arab geographer Hermann of Salza, Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights Deaths September 17 - Hildegard of Bingen, German abbess, author, and composer of music.
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