1250
For broader historical context, see 13th century.
EventsEurope
October 12 - A great storm shifts the mouth of the River Rother 12 miles (20 km) to the west; a battering series of strong storms significantly alter other coastal geography as well (see Romney Marsh). December 13 - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, dies, beginning a 23-year-long interregnum known as the great interregnum. Frederick II is the last Holy Roman Emperor of the Hohenstaufen dynasty; after the interregnum, the empire passes to the Habsburgs.The Lombard League dissolves upon the death of its member states' nemesis, Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor. King Afonso III of Portugal captures the Algarve from the Moors, thus completing the expulsion of the Moors from Portugal. Valdemar I of Sweden, first Swedish king of the Folkung house, becomes King of Sweden Albertus Magnus isolates the element arsenic. He also first uses the word oriole to describe a type of bird (most likely the golden oriole of Great Britain). University of Valladolid is founded in Spain. The Rialto Bridge in Venice, Italy is converted from a pontoon bridge to a permanent, raised wooden structure. Vincent of Beauvais completes his proto-encyclopedic work, The Greater Mirror. The Parlement law courts of ancien régime France are established.
Asia A kuriltai is called by Batu Khan in Siberia as part of maneuverings to eventually elect Möngke Khan as khan of the Mongol empire in 1251.
Africa July 3 - Louis IX of France is captured by Baibars' Mamluk army at the Battle of Fariskur while he is in Egypt conducting the Seventh Crusade; he later has to ransom himself. The Bahri dynasty of Mamluks seize power in Egypt. The Walayta state is founded in present-day Ethiopia (see Rulers of Walayta)
Births Giovanni Pisano, Italian sculptor (d. 1314) Moses de Leon, compiler of the Zohar (d. 1305) Pietro d'Abano, Italian physician, philosopher, and astrologer (d. 1316)
Deaths February 2 - King Eric XI of Sweden February 8 - William II Longespee, noted English participant in the Seventh Crusade led by France. June 18 - Teresa of Portugal August 9 - King Eric IV of Denmark October 4 - Herman VI, Margrave of Baden December 13 - Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor Leonardo of Pisa, better known as Fibonacci Turanshah, Ayyubid heir to the Sultanate of Egypt
Eras
Being a round number, the year 1250 is used to demarcate the beginning or ending of various eras or epochs. These include:
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