1259
For broader historical context, see 13th century.
Events
EuropeSeptember - The Empire of Nicaea defeats the Principality of Achaea at the Battle of Pelagonia, ensuring the eventual reconquest of Constantinople in 1261.December 4 - Kings Louis IX of France and Henry III of England agree to the Treaty of Paris, in which Henry renounces his claims to French-controlled territory on continental Europe (including Normandy) in exchange for Louis withdrawing his support for English rebels.The famous frescoes of the Boyana Church in Bulgaria are completed (the church and its murals are now a UNESCO World Heritage Site).The German cities of Lübeck, Wismar, and Rostock enter into a pact to defend against pirates of the Baltic Sea, laying the groundwork for the Hanseatic League.
AsiaLannathai, a kingdom in the north of Thailand, is founded by King Mengrai.The Goryeo kingdom in Korea surrenders to invading Mongol forces.The Chinese era Kaiqing begins and ends in the Northern Song Dynasty of China.The Japanese Shoka era ends, and the Shogen era begins.
BirthsPietro Cavallini, Italian painterRichard Og de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster
DeathsMay 29 - King Christopher I of DenmarkMöngke Khan, Grand Khan of the Mongol EmpireDunaba Dibbalemi, king of the Kanem-Bornu Empire of AfricaEzzelino da Romano III, ruler of Verona, Vicenza, and PaduaThomas II of SavoyRichard Og de Burgh, 2nd Earl of UlsterMatthew Paris, Benedictine monk and chronicler
See also
List of state leaders in 1259
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