1613
Events - January - Galileo observes Neptune, but mistakes it for a star and so is not credited with its discovery.
- February 7 - An Assembly of the Russian Empire elects Mikhail Romanov to be Tsar of Russia, and establishes the Romanov Dynasty.
- June 29 - Fire destroys London's Globe Theatre
- Francesco Andreini's L'Adamo is published.
- King James I of Scotland successfully mediates the Peace of Knäred treaty between Denmark and Sweden.
- The New River was opened, to supply London with drinking water from Hertfordshire
- Adriaen Block's ship Tyger is destroyed by fire, forcing him and his crew to spend the winter on Manhattan
- James I of England comdemns duels in his proclamation Against Private Challenges and Combats
- Ottoman Empire invades Hungary
- Locust swarm destroys La Camarque, France
- Sultan Agung takes the throne of the kingdom of Mataram on Java.
Births - André Le Nôtre, French landscape gardener (died 1700)
- Claude Perrault, French architect (died 1688)
- Henry Vane, English politician (died 1662)
- Richard Crashaw, English religious poet (died 1649)
- François de la Rochefoucauld, French writer (died 1680)
Deaths - January 28 - Thomas Bodley, English scholar and diplomat (born 1545)
- April 27 - Robert Abercromby
- September 8 - Carlo Gesualdo, Italian composer
- September 15 - Thomas Overbury, English poet (born 1581)
- December 6 - Anton Praetorius, German pastor, fighting against torture and witch-craft trials
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