17th century
(16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. Events 1602: Dutch East India Company founded. Its success contributes to the Dutch Golden Age. 1603: Elizabeth I of England dies and is succeeded by her cousin King James VI of Scotland, uniting the crowns of Scotland and England. 1603: Tokugawa Ieyasu granted title of shogun from Emperor Go-Yozei of Japan and establishes the Edo or Tokugawa Shogunate in Edo, Japan. This ends the Azuchi-Momoyama period and begins the Edo period. 1603: Samuel de Champlain maps the Saint Lawrence River. 1603: Safavids capture Baghdad from the Ottomans. 1605: Gunpowder Plot foiled in England. 1607: The London Company establishes the Jamestown Settlement in North America. 1608: Quebec City founded by French settlers in Canada. 1613: The Time of Troubles in Russia ends with the establishment of the House of Romanov. 1615: The Mughal Empire grants extensive trading rights to the British East India Company. 1618 - 1648: Thirty Years' War in Europe 1625: New Amsterdam founded by the Dutch West India Company in North America. 1630: Boston founded by the Massachusetts Bay Company in North America. 1636: Harvard University founded. 1637: The Dutch Tulip Mania bubble bursts. 1637: The Pequot War, the first of the American Indian Wars 1639 - 1651: Wars of the Three Kingdoms, religious civil wars throughout Scotland, Ireland, and England 1640: Torture is outlawed in England. 1641: The Tokugawa Shogunate institutes Sakoku- foreigners are expelled and no one is allowed to enter or leave Japan. 1643: Louis XIV crowned King of France. 1644: The Manchu conquer the Chinese Ming Dynasty and begin the Qing Dynasty, the last imperial dynasty of China. 1648: Peace of Westphalia 1648 - 1653: Fronde civil war in France. 1648 - 1667: The Deluge wars leave Poland in ruins. 1648 - 1669: Siege of Candia after which the Ottoman Empire captures Crete from the Venetians 1652: Cape Town founded by the Dutch East India Company in South Africa. 1652: Anglo-Dutch Wars begin. 1653: The Taj Mahal in India is completed. 1655 - 1661: The Northern Wars cement Sweden's rise as a Great Power. 1660: English Restoration 1661: The reign of the Kangxi Emperor of China begins. 1664: British troops capture New Amsterdam and rename it New York. 1665: Portugal defeats the Kongo Empire. 1670: The Hudson's Bay Company is founded in Canada. 1674: Maratha empire founded in India by Shivaji. 1676: Russia and the Ottoman Empire commence the Russo-Turkish Wars. 1682 - 1699: The Great Turkish war is fought between the Ottoman Empire and a Holy League. 1682: Peter the Great becomes joint ruler of Russia (sole tsar in 1696). 1682: La Salle explores the length of the Mississippi River and claims Louisiana for France. 1683: China annexes Taiwan. 1685: Edict of Fontainebleau outlaws Protestantism in France. 1685: European traders restricted to Guangzhou in China. 1688 - 1689: Glorious Revolution in England. 1688 - 1697: The War of the Grand Alliance between France and the Grand Alliance. 1689: Nerchinsk Treaty establishes a border between Russia and China. 1692: Salem witch trials in Massachusetts. 1700: The Great Northern War between Sweden and a coalition begins.
Significant people Sir Thomas Browne, English author, philosopher and scientist (1605-1682).Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra, Spanish Author (1574 - 1616) Queen Christina of Sweden, high profile Catholic convert, matron of arts (1626 - 1689) Oliver Cromwell, Lord Protector of England (1599 - 1658) René Descartes, French philosopher and mathematician (1596 - 1650) Galileo Galilei, Italian scientist (1564 - 1642) Thomas Hobbes, English philosopher (1588 - 1679) Christiaan Huygens, Dutch mathematician, physicist and astronomer (1629 - 1695) Gottfried Leibniz, German philosopher and mathematician (1646 - 1716) John Locke, English philosopher (1632 - 1704) Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor (1640 - 1705) Louis XIV, King of France, (1638 - 1715) John Milton, English author and poet (1608 - 1674) Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician (1642 - 1727) Blaise Pascal, French theologian, mathematician and physicist (1623 - 1662) Henry Purcell, English composer (1659 - 1695) Cardinal Richelieu, French Cardinal, Duke, and politician (1585 - 1642) Rembrandt van Rijn, Dutch painter (1606 - 1669) William Shakespeare, English author and poet (1564 - 1616) Baruch Spinoza, Dutch philosopher (1632 - 1677) Seathrún Céitinn, Irish historian (ca. 1569 - ca. 1644) Jan III Sobieski, King of Poland (1629 - 1696)
Inventions, discoveries, introductions
Major changes in philosophy and science take place, often characterized as the Scientific revolution. Calculus is invented and used to formulate classical mechanics. First measurement of the speed of light, 1676. Telescope Microscope Barometer Vacuum pump Slide rule Mechanical calculator Pendulum clock Ice cream Tea and coffee become popular in Europe.
Decades and years
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