1869
1869 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar).
Events March 1 - North German Confederation issues 10gr and 30gr value stamps, printed on goldbeater's skin May 4 - Naval Battle of Hakodate in Japan. May 10 - Transcontinental Railroad completed at Promontory, Utah. May 15 - Woman's suffrage: In New York, Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton form the National Woman's Suffrage Association. May 26 - Last public hanging in Britain - Fenian bomber Michael Barrett May 29 - British parliament passes the Capital Punishment within Prisons Bill ending public hangingAugust 4/12 - Emperor Norton I of the United States abolished both the Democratic and Republican parties.August 9 - Ferdinand Lassalle founds the SAP, the first socialist workers party in Germany. August 20 - Abergele Train Disaster - Irish Mail passenger train collides with cargo trucks loaded with paraffin - 33 dead; First major train disaster in Britain October 16 - England's first residential college for women, Girton College, is founded. November 4 - The first issue of scientific journal Nature is published. November 6 - The first intercollegiate American football game is played. Rutgers defeats Princeton, 6 to 4. November 17 - In Egypt, the Suez Canal, linking the Mediterranean Sea with the Red Sea, is inaugurated in an elaborate ceremony. November 23 - In Dumbarton, Scotland the clipper ship Cutty Sark is launched (it was one of the last clipper ships to be built, and the only one surviving to the present day). December 10 - First American chapter of Kappa Sigma founded at the University of Virginia. December 31 - Triple Alliance forces take Asuncion Basutoland becomes British protectorate British parliament ends transportation to Australia as punishment Venancio Flores murdered in MontevideoUlysses S. Grant succeeds Andrew Johnson as President of the United States of America.Fire burns down about 75% of Hancock, MichiganMahbub Ali Pasha begins a 42 year reign as Nizam of Hyderabad James Bennet of the New York Herald, asks Henry Morton Stanley to go and find Dr Livingstone, despite him not being lost or in difficulty. The Meiji Emperor of Japan accepts the surrender of the four most powerful clans (Choshu, Tosa, Hizen and Satsuma) and reappoints the clan chiefs as Provincial Governors, on reduced revenues.Invention of barbed wire, see ranching.Heinz Established Abdur Rahman Khan is exiled from Afghanistan. The Roman Catholic Church prohibits abortion under any circumstance.
Births - January 10 - Grigori Rasputin, Russian mystic (d. 1916)
- January 15 - Stanisław Wyspiański, Polish dramatist, poet, painter, architect (d. 1907)
- February 11 - Helene Kroller-Muller Dutch museum founder and patron of the arts (d. 1939)
- February 14 - Charles Wilson, Scottish physicist (d. 1959)
- March 5 - Michael von Faulhaber, cardinal and archbishop (d. 1952)
- March 14 - Algernon Blackwood, English writer (d. 1951)
- March 18 - Neville Chamberlain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (d. 1940)
- March 21 - Florenz Ziegfeld, theatrical producer (d. 1932)
- April 2 - Hughie Jennings, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 1928)
- April 8 - Harvey Cushing, American neurosurgeon (d. 1939)
- April 11 - Gustav Vigeland, Norwegian sculptor (d. 1943)
- May 14 - Friedrich Karl Kleine, physician (d. 1951)
- August 10 - Lawrence Binyon, English poet and scholar (d. 1943)
- September 2 - Fritz Pregl, Slovenian chemist (Nobel prize 1923) (d. 1930)
- September 23 - Mary Mallon, "Typhoid Mary" Irish domestic servant and cook famous as a carrier of typhoid fever (d. 1938)
- October 2 - Mohandas Gandhi, founder of the modern Indian state, proponent of nonviolence (d. 1948)
- October 25 - John Heisman, American football coach (d. 1936)
- November 25 - Herbert Greenfield, Premier of Alberta (d. 1949)
- December 30 - Stephen Leacock, British-Canadian author and economist (d. 1944)
- December 31 - Henri Matisse, French painter (d. 1954)
Deaths - March 8 - Hector Berlioz, French composer (b. 1803)
- March 24 - Antoine-Henri Jomini, General (b. 1779)
- April 20 - Carl Loewe, composer
- May 11 - Hijikata Toshizou, 2nd commander of the Shinsengumi
- December 18 - Louis Moreau Gottschalk American composer and pianist
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