1880s
Events and Trends Technology Development and commercial production of electric lighting Development and commercial production of gasoline-powered automobile by Karl Benz, Gottlieb Daimler and Maybach First commercial production and sales of phonographs and phonograph recordings. First steel frame construction "sky-scrapers
Science Heinrich Hertz discovers the photoelectric effect Michelson-Morley experiment, showing that the speed of light is invariant James-Lange theory of emotion
War, peace and politics First Boer War The New Imperialism
Other Krakatoa, a volcano in Indonesia, erupts cataclysmically; 36,000 people are killed, the majority by the resulting tsunami About 300,000 Swedes emigrate to the United States
PeopleWorld Leaders Emperor Franz Josef (Austria-Hungary) Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald (Canada) Guangxu Emperor (China) Emperor Wilhelm I (Germany) Emperor Wilhelm II (Germany) Chancellor Otto von Bismarck (Germany) King Umberto I (Italy) Pope Leo XIII Emperor Meiji (Japan) Emperor Alexander II (Russia) Emperor Alexander III (Russia) Queen - Empress Victoria (United Kingdom) Prime Minister William Ewart Gladstone (United Kingdom) Prime Minister Lord Salisbury (United Kingdom) President Rutherford B. Hayes (United States) President Chester A. Arthur (United States) President Grover Cleveland (United States)
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