1923
1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar).
Events
January-June January 1 - Grouping of all UK railway companies into four larger companies January 10 - Lithuania seizes and annexes Memel January 11 - Troops from France and Belgium occupy the Ruhr area to force Germany to pay its reparation payments February 16 - Howard Carter unseals the burial chamber of Pharaoh Tutankhamun February 22 - Barcelona (Catalonia): Albert Einstein visits the city, invited by the scientist Esteban Terradas i Illa, as part of the monografics course of High Studies and Exchange organized by the Mancomunitat de Catalunya and conducted by Rafael de Campalans. March - Antigone by Jean Cocteau appears on a Paris stage. Settings by Pablo Picasso, music by Arthur Honegger, and costumes by Gabrielle Chanel. Antonin Artaud played the part of Tiresias. March 1 - USS Connecticut decommissioned March 2 - Time Magazine hits newsstands for the first time March 9 - Vladimir Lenin suffers a stroke, his third, which renders him bedridden and unable to speak; consequently he retires his position as Chairman of the Soviet government. April - End of Irish Civil War April 23 - Ceremonial inauguration of Gdynia Seaport April 26 - Wedding of Prince Albert and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon in Westminster Abbey May 23 - Launch of Belgium's SABENA Airlines May 27 - Ku Klux Klan defies law requiring publication of its members June 9 - Military coup in Bulgaria - prime minister Aleksandar Stamboliyski is ousted (he is killed June 14) June 18 - Etna volcano erupts - 60.000 made homeless
July-September July 6 - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics established July 20 - Pancho Villa assassinated July 24 - The Treaty of Lausanne, settling the boundaries of modern Turkey, is signed in Switzerland by Greece, Bulgaria and other countries that fought in the First World War August 2 - Warren G. Harding, 29th President of the United States (1921 - 1923) dies in office and is succeeded by Calvin Coolidge (1923-1929). August 13 - First major sea-going ship arrives at Gdynia, newly constructed Polish seaport August 13 - Gustav Stresemann is named chancellor and founds a coalition government in Weimar Republic Germany September 1 - Great Kanto earthquake devastates Tokyo and Yokohama killing 142.807 people September 4 - In Lakehurst, New Jersey, the first American airship, the "USS Shenandoah, takes to the sky for the first time September 6 - Italian navy occupies Corfu in retaliation of murder of an Italian officer. League of Nations protests and they leave September 29 September 8 - Honda Point Disaster: Seven US Navy destroyers ran aground off the California coast. September 13 - Military coup in Spain - Miguel Primo de Rivera takes over, setting up a dictatorship. September 18-26 - Newspaper printers strike in New York September 26 - In Bayern, Gustav von Kuhr declares independence from Berlin
October-December October 29 - Turkey becomes a republic following the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire November 8 - Beer Hall Putsch: In Munich, Adolf Hitler leads the Nazis in an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government. Police and troops crush the attempt the next day November 12- Her Highness Princess Maud of Fife marries Captain Charles Alexander Carnegie in Wellington Barracks, London. November 15 - The inflation in Germany reaches its height. One dollar is worth 4,200,000,000,000 Reichsmarks (4.2 trillion). Gustav Stresemann abolishes the old currency November 23 - Gustav Stresemann's coalition government collapses December 27 - Assassination attempt against the crown prince of Japan in TokyoUnknown dates Juan de la Cierva invents the autogyro, a rotary-winged aircraft with an unpowered rotor. Finnish flag carrier Finnair airline is started in Aero Oy. Interpol is set up. International Police Conference in Vienna Hoda Cha'arawi Association (formerly The Egyptian Feminist Union) is established in Egypt. Trade unions banned in Spain for 10 years. Police strike in Australia Regia Aeronautica, air force of Fascist Italy, is founded.
Year in topic 1923 in aviation 1923 in film 1923 in literature 1923 in music 1923 in rail transport 1923 in science 1923 in sports 1923 in Canada
BirthsJanuary-February January 1 - Roméo Sabourin, SOE agent (d. 1944) January 7 - Pinkas Braun, actor and film director January 5 - Sam Phillips, country music producer (d. 2003) January 6 - Jacobo Timerman, writer (d. 1999) January 10 - Ingeborg Drewitz, writer (d. 1986) January 11 - Jacqueline Maillan, French actress January 16 - Anthony Hecht, poet January 19 - Jean Stapleton, actress January 25 - Arvid Carlsson, Nobel Prize winning scientist January 26 - Anne Jeffreys, actress January 29 - Paddy Chayefsky, writer (d. 1981) January 31 - Norman Mailer, writer and journalist February 2 - James Dickey, poet, author (d. 1997) February 2 - Liz Smith, gossip columnist February 9 - Brendan Behan, author (d. 1964) February 11 - Ronald Arculus, British diplomat February 12 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian director February 13 - Chuck Yeager, pilot February 13 - Yfrah Neaman, violinist and teacher February 27 - Dexter Gordon, jazz saxophone player (d. 1990)
March-April March 1 - Kuczka Péter, Hungarian writer, poet and Science Fiction editor († 1999) March 6 - Ed McMahon, television personality March 6 - Jürgen von Manger, cabaretist (d. 1994) March 8 - Walter Jens, writer March 9 - Walter Kohn, physicist, winner 1998 Nobel Prize in Chemistry March 12 - Wally Schirra, astronaut March 13 - Jose Mojica Marins, movie director March 21 - Shri Mataji Nirmala Shrivastava, the founder of Sahaja Yoga March 22 - Marcel Marceau, mime March 24 - Kermit Schafer, humorist (d. 1979) March 26 - Bob Elliott, comedian March 27 - Louis Simpson, poet March 30 - Milton Acorn, Canadian poet, writer, and playwright April 2 - G. Spencer-Brown, British mathematician April 20 - Mother Angelica, founder of Eternal Word Television Network (EWTN) Catholic cable TV channel April 22 - Bettie Page, pinup model April 22 - Aaron Spelling, television producer, writer April 23 - Dolph Briscoe, former governor of Texas
May-August May 1 - Joseph Heller, novelist (d. 1999) May 2 - Patrick Hillery, sixth President of Ireland May 3 - Ralph Hall, American politician May 7 - Anne Baxter, actress (d. 1985) May 13 - Bea Arthur, actress May 15 - John Lanchbery, English ballet composer (d. 2003) May 21 - Ara Parseghian, American football coach May 21 - Dorothy Hewett, writer (d. 2002) May 27 - Henry Kissinger, American diplomat and recipient of the Nobel Prize in peace 1973 May 28 - György Ligeti, composer May 31 - Prince Rainer III of Monaco (d. 2005) July 2 - Wislawa Szymborska, Polish poet, the Nobel Prize in Literature laureate in 1996 July 4 - Rudolf Friedrich, member of the Swiss Federal Council July 8 - Harrison Dillard, American athlete July 20 - Stanisław Albinowski, Polish economist and journalist (d.2005) July 22 - Robert Joseph Dole, United States Republican Party Presidential candidate July 22 - Mukesh, singer July 23 - Witto Aloma, Major League Baseball player (d. 1997) August 20 - Jim Reeves, singer August 24 - Arthur Jensen, educational psychologist August 26 - Wolfgang Sawallisch, German conductor and pianist
September-December September 1 - Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet, businessman, art collector September 3 - Mort Walker, American cartoonist (Beetle Bailey) September 6 - King Peter II of Yugoslavia September 9 - Daniel Carleton Gajdusek, Virologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine laureate in 1976 September 11 - Dharmsamrat Paramhans Swami Madhavananda, Hindu guru September 17 - Hank Williams, American country musician September 22 - Dannie Abse, Welsh poet October 5 - Glynis Johns, British actress October 23 - Frank Sutton, American actor November 1 - Victoria de los Angeles, Catalan soprano (d. 2005) November 20 - Nadine Gordimer, South African writer November 22 - Arthur Hiller, film director November 25 - Mauno Koivisto, former President of Finland December 2 - Maria Callas, opera diva (d. 1977) December 12 - Bob Barker, US game show host December 13 - Larry Doby, Baseball Hall of Famer (d. 2003) December 13 – Antoni Tàpies, Spanish abstract expressionist painter December 14 - Gerard Reve, Dutch writer December 23 - Claudio Scimone, Italian conductor December 23 - James Stockdale, United States Navy admiral December 25 - Sonia Olschanezky, World War II heroine executed by the Nazis (d. 1944)
Deaths January 23 - Max Nordau, author, philosopher and Zionist leader (* 1849) February 10 - Wilhelm Röntgen, physicist, discoverer of X-rays, Nobel laureate February 23 - Théophile Delcassé, French statesman (b. 1852) March 26 - Sarah Bernhardt, French actress March 27 - Sir James Dewar, chemist June 9 - Princess Helena of the United Kingdom, third daughter of Queen Victoria, aunt of King George V December 12 - Raymond Radiguet, French author December 13 - Théophile Steinlen, Swiss/French painter
Physics - Robert Andrews Millikan Chemistry - Fritz Pregl Medicine - Frederick Grant Banting, John James Richard Macleod for the discovery of insulin Literature - William Butler Yeats Peace - Not awarded
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