1930
1930 is a common year starting on Wednesday.
Events
January-February January 6 - The first diesel-engine automobile trip is completed (Indianapolis, Indiana, to New York City). February 18 - While studying photographs taken in January, Clyde Tombaugh discovers Pluto February 18 - Elm Farm Ollie becomes the first cow to fly in an airplane and also the first cow to be milked in an airplane.
March March 2 - Mohandas Gandhi informs British viceroy of India that civil disobedience would begin nine days later March 5 - Danish painter Einar Wegener goes through a sexual reassignment surgery and takes the name Lili Elbe March 6 - First frozen food products in USA March 12 - Mohandas Gandhi sets off to a 200-mile protest march towards the sea with 78 followers to protest the British monopoly on salt - more will join them during the Salt March that ends in April 5 March 28 - Constantinople and Angora change their names to Istanbul and Ankara March 29 - Heinrich Brüning is appointed German Reichskanzler March 31 - The Motion Pictures Production Code is instituted, imposing strict guidelines on the treatment of sex, crime, religion and violence in motion pictures for the next forty years
April-May April 5 - In an act of civil disobedience, Mahatma Gandhi breaks British law after marching to the sea and making salt. April 6 - Hostess Twinkies are invented. April 21 - Fire in Ohio State Penitentiary near Columbus kills 320 April 22 - The United Kingdom, Japan and the United States sign the London Naval Treaty regulating submarine warfare and limiting shipbuilding. April 28 - The first night game in organized baseball history takes place in Independence, Kansas. May 4-5 - Mohandas Gandhi is arrested again May 15 - Aboard a Boeing tri-motor, Ellen Church becomes the first airline stewardess (the flight was from Oakland, California to Chicago, Illinois). May 17 - French foreign minister André Tardieu decides to withdraw the remaining French troops from the Rheinland. They depart by June 30 May 20 - Sergei Eisenstein arrives to New York City May 24 - Amy Johnson lands in Darwin, Australia becoming the first woman to fly solo from England to Australia (she left on May 5 for the 11,000 mile flight). May 30 - Sergei Eisenstein arrives to Hollywood to work for Paramount Pictures - they part ways by October
June-August June 9 - Chicago Tribune journalist Alfred Lingle is shot in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Newspapers promise $55,000 reward for information. Liddle is later found to have had contacts to organized crime June 17 - U.S. President Herbert Hoover signs the Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act into law. June 17 - Bonus Army: Around a thousand World War I veterans mass at the United States Capitol as the U.S. Senate considers a bill that would give them certain benefits. June 21 - One-year conscription comes into force in France July 7 - Lapua Movement marches in Helsinki, Finland July 7 - Building of the Boulder Dam (now known as Hoover Dam) is started. July 13 - The first football World Cup starts: Lucien Laurent scores the first goal, for France against Mexico July 30 - Uruguay beat Argentina in the first football World Cup Final July 31 - The radio mystery program The Shadow airs for the first time. August 7 - Richard Bedford Bennett becomes Canada's eleventh prime minister. August 9 - Betty Boop premiers in the animated film Dizzy Dishes. August 12 - Turkish troops move into Persia to fight Kurdish insurgents August 27 - Military junta takes over in Peru
September-December September 6 - Josef Felix Urileu makes a successful military coup in Argentina September 12 - Wilfred Rhodes end his 1110-game first-class career by taking 5 for 95 for H.D.G. Leveson Gower's XI against the Australians. September 14 - National socialists win 107 seats in German parliament - 18.3% of all the votes makes them second largest party September 16 - overthrow of Hipólito Yrigoyen, President of Argentina. October 5 - British Airship R101 crashed in France en-route to India on its maiden voyage. October 24 - Brazil - Revolution of 1930 by Getúlio Dornelles Vargas November 2 - Haile Selassie is crowned emperor of Ethiopia. December 2 - Great Depression: US President Herbert Hoover goes before Congress and asks for a US$150 million public works program to help generate jobs and stimulate the economy. December 19 - Merap volcano erupts - 1300 dead December 28 - Mohandas Gandhi leaves for Britain for negotiations
Unknown dates British White Paper demands restrictions on Jewish immigration into Palestine Rafael Leónidas Trujillo takes over in the Dominican Republic The Federal Bureau of Narcotics replaces the Narcotics Division of the Prohibition Unit. Walther Bothe and H. Becker discover the neutron. Abkhazia and Georgia, autonomous republics of the Soviet Union, are merged.
Year in topic 1930 in aviation 1930 in film*All Quiet on the Western Front 1930 in literature 1930 in music 1930 in rail transport* General Motors acquires both Electro-Motive Corporation and Winton Engine Company and combines them to form General Motors Electro-Motive Division. 1930 in sports*Uruguay wins Football World Cup on home ground*British Empire Games held in Hamilton, Canada 1930 in television*May 22 - An audience at Proctor's Theatre in Schenectady becomes the first to see a closed-circuit television signal projected onto a big screen. *November - W9XAP in Chicago broadcasts the U.S. senatorial election returns, which was apparently the first time a senatorial race, with non-stop vote tallies, was ever televised*December 7 - W1XAV in Boston broadcasts video from a CBS radio program, The Fox Trappers orchestra program. The broadcast also included the first television commercial (for I. J. Fox Furriers, who sponsored the radio show)*The BBC begins regular television transmission
BirthsJanuary-April January 29 - Bobby Bland, blues singer March 3 - Heiner Geißler, German politician March 6 - Lorin Maazel, French-born American conductor March 7 - Antony Armstrong-Jones, Lord Snowdon March 19 - Ornette Coleman, musician March 22 - Stephen Sondheim, American composer and lyricist March 22 - Pat Robertson, Americn televangelist March 24 - Steve McQueen, American actor, film director, and producer (d. 1980) March 26 - Sandra Day O'Connor, U.S. Supreme Court justice March 27 - David Janssen, American actor (d. 1980) March 30 - John Astin, actor March 30 - Rolf Harris, entertainer March 30 - Peter Marshall, game show host April 3 - Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany April 10 - Claude Bolling, French jazz pianist and composer April 15 - Vigdís Finnbogadóttir, President of Iceland April 21 - Silvana Mangano, actress (d. 1989) April 22 - Georges Schoeters, Belgian-born activist April 25 - Paul Mazursky, director and writer April 29 - Jean Rochefort, French actor
May-August May 4 - Roberta Peters, American soprano May 8 - Heather Harper, Irish soprano May 10 - Pat Summerall, American football player and broadcaster May 15 - Jasper Johns, painter May 19 - Lorraine Hansberry, playwright (d. 1965) May 21 - Malcolm Fraser, twenty-second Prime Minister of Australia May 22 - John Barth, American writer May 22 - Harvey Milk, politician, civil rights activist (d. 1978) May 31 - Clint Eastwood, American actor, director, and producer June 12 - Jim Nabors, American actor, musician, and comedian June 17 - Brian Statham, English cricketer (d. 2000). June 22 - Yuri Artyukhin, cosmonaut (d. 1998) June 27 - Ross Perot, American billionaire and politician July 2 - Carlos Menem, President of Argentina July 4 - George Steinbrenner, owner of the New York Yankees July 11 - Harold Bloom, American literary critic July 25 - Maureen Forrester, Canadian contralto August 1 - Pierre Bourdieu, French sociologist August 5 - Neil Armstrong, astronaut, first person to walk on the moon August 12 - George Soros, Hungarian-born American businessman August 17 - Ted Hughes, English poet (d. 1998) August 21 - Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon, sister of Queen Elizabeth II (d. 2002) August 25 - Sir Sean Connery, Scottish actor
September-December September 3 - Cherry Wilder, author September 7 - Baudouin I of Belgium September 25 - Shel Silverstein, author, poet, humorist (d. 1999) September 26 - Fritz Wunderlich, tenor (d. 1966) September 30 - Ray Charles, singer, musician (d. 2004) October 1 - Sir Richard Harris, actor (d. 2002) October 5 - Pavel Popovich, cosmonaut October 8 - Toru Takemitsu, composer (d. 1996) October 10 - Harold Pinter, playwright October 11 - Sam Johnson, American politician October 28 - Bernie Ecclestone, Formula 1 racing tycoon October 30 - Timothy Findley, Canadian author November 14 - Edward White, American astronaut (d. 1967) November 16 - Chinua Achebe, Nigerian writer December 1 - Joachim Hoffmann, German historian (d. 2002) December 11 - Jean-Louis Trintignant, actor December 21 - Adebayo Adedeji, professor
Deaths February 23 - Horst Wessel, Nazi ideologue, composer February 27 - Ahmad Shah Qajar, former Persian Shah of the Qajar dynasty March 8 - William Howard Taft, President of the United States, Chief Justice of the United States March 19 - Arthur James Balfour, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. March 24 - Eugeen Van Mieghem, painter April 2 - Empress Zawditu of Ethiopia April 21 - Robert Bridges, English poet (b. 1844) May 13 - Fridtjof Nansen, explorer June 5 - Pascin, the "Prince of Montparnasse" July 7 - Arthur Conan Doyle, British author and creator of Sherlock Holmes. August 15 - Florian Cajori, historian of mathematics. August 29 - William Archibald Spooner, British scholar and Anglican priest September 24 - William A. MacCorkle, governor of West Virginia October 26 - Harry Payne Whitney, businessman, horse breeder November 4 - Buddy Bolden, jazz musician (b. 1877) December 9 - Andrew "Rube" Foster, pioneer of Negro League baseball December 9 - Laura Muntz Lyall, Canadian impressionist painter Jeppe Aakjaer, Danish poet and novelist. (b. 1866) Randall Thomas Davidson, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1848)
Physics - Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata RamanChemistry - Hans FischerMedicine - Karl LandsteinerLiterature - Sinclair LewisPeace - Archbishop Lars Olof Nathan Söderblom
Heads of state in 1930 - Victor Emmanuel III of Italy, King of Italy (1900 - 1946).
- Albert I of Belgium, King of Belgium (1909 - 1934).
- George V of the United Kingdom, King of the United Kingdom, Emperor of India (1910 - 1936).
- Christian X of Denmark, King of Denmark and Iceland (1912 - 1947).
- Miklós Horthy, Regent of Hungary (1920 - 1944).
- Mikhail Kalinin, President of the Soviet Union (1922 - 1946).
- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, President of Turkey (1923 - 1938).
- Paul von Hindenburg, Reich President of Germany (1925 - 1934).
- Hirohito, (Showa Emperor of Japan) (1926 - 1989).
- Zog of Albania, King of Albania (1928 - 1939).
- Herbert Clark Hoover, President of the United States (1929 - 1933).
- Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia (1930 - 1936, 1941 - 1974).
- Getulio Vargas, President of Brazil (1930 - 1945, 1950 - 1954).
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