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1960s

  

1960s

Events and trends

The 1960s was a turbulent decade of change around the world. Many of the trends of the 1960s were due to the demographic changes brought about by the baby boom generation and the dissolution of European colonial empires. (See The Sixties.)

Technology

  • USSR puts first man (Yuri Gagarin) and first woman (Valentina Tereshkova) in space
  • The United States puts man on Earth's Moon
  • Geosynchronous satellites revolutionize global communications
  • Start of the development of algorithmic information theory
  • The ARPAnet, precursor of the Internet, is founded in 1969 as a United States Department of Defense project. The numbered series of Request For Comments (RFC) documents begins in order to document the standards and practices of this network, and continues to this day
  • Direct Use of the Sun's Energy by pioneer solar-energy scientist Farrington Daniels is published (1964)
  • Compact audio cassette introduced; begins to displace reel-to-reel audio tape recording for home users

    Science

  • Discovery of plate tectonics revolutionizes understanding of continental drift
  • Rise of the science of ecology in the awareness of the intelligentsia

    War, peace and politics

  • Cultural Revolution in mainland China causes political and economic chaos.
  • Nigerian Civil War begins
  • Six-Day War between Israelis and Arabs
  • Beginning of The Troubles in Northern Ireland
  • Berlin Wall built, in 1961
  • Bay of Pigs Invasion
  • Civil rights movement in the United States; end of official segregation and disenfranchisement of African-Americans
  • Cuban Missile Crisis
  • The Vietnam War and protests, leading to Kent State University shootings in May, 1970
  • Suppression of uprising in Czechoslovakia
  • The Stonewall Riots in New York City give birth to the gay rights movement, June 1969
  • United Nations imposes sanctions against South Africa in protest at Apartheid
  • Students protesting perceived problems with the status-quo are suppressed with violence by police and soldiers in USA, France, Mexico, Czechoslovakia. See New Left
  • The Quiet Revolution (Révolution tranquille) begins in Quebec - precipitous decline of the Roman Catholic church, liberalism, social-democratic programs, and the birth of modern Quebec nationalism
  • The rise of radical feminism

    Economics


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