Al-Khujandi
Abu Mahmud Hamid ibn al-Khidr Al-Khujandi was a Persian astronomer who lived in the late 10th century and built a huge observatory was built near Tehran in Ray, Iran. He was born in Khudzhand ( now Tajikistan ) about 940 and died 1000 A.D. Few facts about al-Khujandi's life are known. What little we know comes through his writings which have survived and also some comments made by Nasir al-din al-Tusi. From al-Tusi's comments we can be fairly certain that al-Khujandi came from the city of Khudzhand. The city lies along both banks of the Syrdarya river, at the entrance to the fertile Fergana Valley, and it was captured by the Arabs in the 8th century. Al-Tusi says that al-Khujandi was one of the rulers of the Mongol tribe in that region so he must have come from the nobility.
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