APIPA
Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) is the Microsoft Windows term for fallback to the "link local" addresses as prescribed in RFC 3330. It provides a recovery capability for DHCP clients that can neither contact nor obtain addresses from their designated server. APIPA effectively places clients on a peer-to-peer network until such a time as the server can be contacted for IP distribution. The IPv4 link-local range lies between 169.254.0.0 - 169.254.255.255. This feature, while it may not be called such, is implemented in many operating systems.
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