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Encyclopedia :
B :
BU :
BUI :
Buick V8 engine |
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Buick V8 engineLike its sister General Motors divisions, Buick produced its own family of V8 engines to replace its straight-8 engines. These engines came in many of the same displacements as those from other divisions, but were entirely different.Buick/Chevrolet Truck Buick shared its first V8 with Chevrolet's trucks. This family lasted from 1953 through 1956 in Buick cars and from 1956 through 1959 in Chevrolet trucks. It was an OHV/pushrod engine like the new Oldsmobile V8 engine. 264 The 264 in³ (4.3 L) 264 was a direct replacement for the 263 straight-8 in Buick's large cars. It was produced from 1953 through 1956. 322 The larger 322 in³ (5.3 L) 322 was also used by Buick from 1953 through 1956, and was then passed to Chevrolet for use in its trucks through 1959. Nailhead Buick's second-generation V8 was the so-called Nailhead. It was produced from 1957 through 1966. 364 The smallest Nailhead was the 364 in³ (6.0 L) 364. 400 The next member of the family was the 400 in³ (6.6 L) 400. Another 400 in³ engine was produced later. 401 The 401 in³ (6.6 L) 401 was Buick's muscle car motor of choice, and was found in the company's Gran Sport 400. 425425 in³ (7.0 L) 425 Buick "Small-Block" Buick's first "small-block" engine was produced in the mid-1960s, from 1961 through 1967. The Buick Small-Block and 3800 engine shared much of their engineering. The 215 V8 was developed first, spawning the 3800 V6. Then the 3800 design was used to create the 300. Both had the same 4.24 in (107.7 mm) bore spacing and the 3800 and 300 shared the same 3.75 in (95.2 mm) by 3.40 in (86.4 mm) bore and stroke dimensions. 215The Oldsmobile/Buick 215 V8 was a small 215 in³ aluminum engine for midsize cars of the 1960s. It was introduced in the 1961 Buick Special, Oldsmobile Cutlass F-85 (where it was called the Rockette), and Pontiac Tempest and retired by General Motors just three years later due to high production costs. The tooling was sold to Britain's Rover Group, and this Rover V8 engine saw widespread use by many manufacturers. This engine was the basis for a 198 in³ V6 which, after being sold to and bought back from Jeep in the 1970s, became the current GM 3800 engine. An 8.75:1 compression version produced just 155 hp and 210 ft.lbf, while a 10.25:1 model produced 185 hp and 230 ft.lbf. Applications: Turbo Jetfire For 1962 and 1963, a turbocharged version produced 215 hp and 300 ft.lbf. This was the first turbo car ever offered for sale. 300 The 300 in³ (4.9 L) 300 was introduced to replace the 215 as Buick's small V8. It was produced from 1964 through 1967, though the high-output four-barrel was cancelled after 1965. 340 The 340 in³ (5.6 L) 340 was a stroked (to 3.85 in/97.8 mm) version of the 300. It was produced only in 1966 and 1967, with the new Buick 350 taking its place after that. 350Buick adopted the popular 350 in³ (5.7 L) size with their final family of V8s. Although sharing the displacement of the Chevrolet Small-Block engine family, the Buicks were substantially different. The Buick 350 V8 had a 3.80 in bore (like the 3800) and retained the 3.85 in stroke of the 340. It was introduced in 1968 and produced through 1977. Buick "Big-Block" The company introduced a larger engine family to replace the "Nailhead" in 1967 and was produced through 1976. 400400 in³ (6.6 L) 400 430430 in³ (7.0 L) 430 455 The 455 in³ (7.5 L) Buick V8 used a 4.312 in bore and 3.90 in stroke. It was introduced in 1970 and was based on the 430 V8. The regular Buick 455 was conservatively rated at 350 hp (261 kW) while the 455 Stage 1 was underrated at 360 hp (269 kW). The regular 455 could produce 415 to 420 hp (310 to 313 kW) while the Stage 1 produced 410 to 425 hp (306 to 317 kW). 260 The 260 in³ (4.3 L) 260 was actually an Oldsmobile V8 engine. 403 The 403 engine used in Buicks was actually an Oldsmobile V8 engine. ReferencesSee alsoFrom the 1950s through the 1970s, each GM division had its own V8 engine family. Many were shared among other divisions, but each design is most-closely associated with its own division: GM later standardized on the later generations of the Chevrolet design:
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