February 12
February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 322 days remaining, 323 in leap years. Events 1354 - Treaty of Stralsund settled border disputes between the duchies of Mecklenburg and Pomerania. 1541 - Santiago, Chile is founded by Pedro de Valdivia. 1554 - A year after claiming the throne of England for nine days, Lady Jane Grey is beheaded for treason. 1689 - The Convention Parliament convened and declared that the flight to France in 1688 by James II, the last Catholic British monarch, had constituted an abdication. 1719 - The Onderlinge van 1719 u.a, the oldest still existing life insurance company in the Netherlands is founded 1733 - Englishman James Oglethorpe founds the 13th and final American colony of Georgia, and its first city at Savannah. 1737 - The San Carlo, the oldest working opera house in Europe, is inaugurated. 1771 - Gustav III became the King of Sweden when his father Adolf Frederick "ate himself to death".1817 - Chilean patriotic army, after cross the Andes, defeat Spanish troops on the battle of Chacabuco 1818 - Bernardo O'Higgins signs the Independence of Chile near Concepcion, Chile 1825 - The Creek cede the last of their lands in Georgia to the United States government, and migrate west. 1832 - Ecuador annexes the Galapagos Islands. 1870 - Women gain the right to vote in Utah Territory. 1879 - At New York City's Madison Square Garden the first artificial ice rink in North America opens. 1892 - Former President Abraham Lincoln's birthday is declared a national holiday in the United States. 1909 - The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is founded. 1912 - Xuantong Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty, the last Emperor of China, abdicated. 1912 - China adopts the Gregorian calendar. 1915 - In Washington, DC the first stone of the Lincoln Memorial is put into place. 1924 - Calvin Coolidge becomes the first President of the United States to deliver a political speech on radio. 1934 - The Export-Import Bank is incorporated. 1938 - Anschluss: German troops enter Austria. 1946 - Operation Deadlight ended after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats. 1951 - Soraya Esfandiary Bakhtiari marries the Shah of Iran Reza Pahlavi at Golestan Palace in Teheran at age of 17. 1973 - Ohio becomes the first U.S. state to post distance in SI units on signs. 1973 - Vietnam War: The first American prisoners of war are released by the Viet Cong. 1994 - 1994 Winter Olympics open in Lillehammer, Norway. 1998 - The presidential line-item veto is declared unconstitutional by United States federal judge. 1999 - President Bill Clinton is acquitted by the United States Senate in his impeachment trial. 2001 - NEAR Shoemaker spacecraft touchdown in the "saddle" region of 433 Eros becoming the first spacecraft to land on an asteroid. 2002 - The trial of former President of Federal Republic of Yugoslavia Slobodan Milosevic begins at the United Nations war crimes tribunal in The Hague. 2002 - Nuclear waste: US Secretary of Energy makes the decision that Yucca Mountain is suitable to be the United States' nuclear repository. 2002 - An Iran Air Tours (subsidiary of Iran Air) Tupolev Tu-154 crashes prior to landing in Khorramabad, Iran, killing 119 2004 - Mayor Gavin Newsom of San Francisco, California, on National Freedom to Marry Day, ordered his county clerk to revise marriage licenses to allow gay and lesbian couples to legally wed. 2004 - Mattel Inc spokespeople announced the split of Barbara Millicent Roberts and Ken Carson after 43 years of dating. 2005 - Former Vermont governor and presidential candidate Howard Dean becomes chairman of the Democratic National Committee.
Births 1567 - Thomas Campion, English composer, poet (d. 1620) 1637 - Jan Swammerdam, Dutch scientist (d. 1680) 1663 - Cotton Mather, New England Puritan minister (d. 1728) 1768 - Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1835) 1775 - Louisa Adams, First Lady, wife of President John Quincy Adams (d. 1852) 1777 - Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué, French poet (d. 1843) 1809 - Charles Darwin, English naturalist (d. 1882) 1809 - Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865) 1857 - Bobby Peel, Yorkshire left-arm spinner and leading bowler of 1880s and 1890s (d. 1943). 1861 - Lou Andreas-Salome, author (d. 1937) 1865 - Kazimierz Tetmajer, full name Kazimierz Przerwa-Tetmajer, Polish poet and writer (d. 1940) 1880 - John L. Lewis, American labor union leader (d. 1969) 1881 - Anna Pavlova, Russian ballerina (d. 1931) 1884 - Max Beckmann, painter and graphic artist (d. 1950) 1884 - Marie Vassilieff, Russian artist (d. 1957) 1893 - Omar Bradley, American general (d. 1981)1904 - Ted Mack, American television host (d. 1976)1907 - Joseph Kearns, American actor (d. 1962)1911 - Stephen H. Sholes, American recording executive (d. 1968) 1912 - R. F. Delderfield, English author (d. 1972) 1914 - Tex Beneke, musician, band leader (d. 2000) 1915 - Lorne Greene, American actor (d. 1987)1916 - Joseph Alioto, mayor of San Francisco (d. 1998) 1919 - Forrest Tucker, actor (d. 1986) 1920 - William Roscoe Estep, Baptist historian and professor of Church history emeritus at Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary (d. 2000) 1923 - Franco Zeffirelli, Italian film director 1925 - Sir Anthony Berry, British politician (d. 1984) 1926 - Paul Kurtz, philosopher, founder of numerous secular humanist groups1926 - Charles Van Doren, quiz show contestant1926 - Joe Garagiola, American baseball player1930 - Arlen Specter, Senator from Pennsylvania 1931 - Janwillem van de Wetering, author 1932 - Julian Simon, economist, author (d. 1998) 1933 - Costa-Gavras, director, writer 1934 - Bill Russell, basketball star1936 - Joe Don Baker, American actor 1937 - Charles Dumas, American high jumper 1938 - Judy Blume, American author 1939 - Ray Manzarek, keyboardist 1942 - Ehud Barak, Prime Minister of Israel 1943 - Samuel Karokikki, athlete1945 - Maud Adams, Swedish actress 1950 - Michael Ironside, actor 1953 - Joanna Kerns, American television actress and director 1954 - Philip Zimmermann, cryptographer 1955 - Arsenio Hall, American actor, talk show host 1967 - Chris McKinstry, computer scientist, Artificial Intelligence, Mindpixel1968 - Chynna Phillips, American singer 1969 - Hong Myung-Bo, South Korean football player 1970 - Neil Cormack, poet, language professor 1970 - Jim Creeggan, bass player for Barenaked Ladies 1976 - Sylvia Saint, porn star 1980 - Christina Ricci, actress 1980 - Juan Carlos Ferrero, tennis player
Deaths 1538 - Albrecht Altdorfer, German painter 1554 - Lady Jane Grey, briefly Queen of England (beheaded) (b. 1537) 1595 - Archduke Ernest of Austria, governor of the Spanish Netherlands 1612 - Christopher Clavius, astronomer 1771 - King Adolf Frederick of Sweden (b. 1710) 1799 - Lazzaro Spallanzani, biologist (b. 1729) 1804 - Immanuel Kant, German philosopher 1916 - Richard Dedekind, mathematician (b. 1831) 1929 - Lily Langtry, singer, actress 1949 - Hassan al Banna, Egyptian Islamist and founder of the Muslim Brotherhood (b. October 14, 1906) 1951 - Choudhary Rahmat Ali, founding father of Pakistan (b. 1895) 1954 - Dziga Vertov, Russian filmmaker (b. 1896) 1971 - James C. Penney, department store founder (b. 1875) 1976 - Sal Mineo, actor (b. 1939) 1979 - Jean Renoir, director (b. 1894) 1982 - Victor Jory, Canadian actor (b. 1902) 1983 - Eubie Blake, musician, songwriter (b. 1883 or 1887) 1984 - Julio Cortázar, author, intellectual (b. 1914) 1985 - Nicholas Colasanto, American actor 1992 - María Elena Moyano, Peruvian community activist (b. 1960) 1993 - James Bulger, abduction/murder victim (b. 1990) 1995 - Robert Bolt, writer (b. 1924)1995 - Philip Taylor Kramer, musician (Iron Butterfly) 1996 - Bob Shaw, science fiction author (b. 1931) 2000 - Screamin' Jay Hawkins, musician (b. 1929) 2000 - Tom Landry, American football coach (b. 1924) 2000 - Charles Schulz, creator of the Peanuts comic strip (b. 1922)2000 - Oliver, singer 2001 - Kristina Söderbaum, German actress and photographer (b. 1912) 2005 - Rafael Vidal, Venezuelan Olympic medalist (b. 1964)2005 - Brian Kelly, American actor
Holidays and observances United States - Lincoln's Birthday (traditionally) 1991, 2002, 2013 Shrove Tuesday (Mardi Gras) Georgia Day in the U.S. state of Georgia National Freedom to Marry Day (unofficial) Darwin Day
External links BBC: On This Day
February 11 - February 13 - January 12 - March 12 -- listing of all days
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