Hamburg S-Bahn
The Hamburg S-Bahn is the suburban railway network serving the city of Hamburg.
History
The Hamburg S-Bahn developed 1932 from the Hamburg-Altonaer Stadt- und Vorortbahn, Hamburg–Altona–Blankenese (at that time still independent cities), which in 1908 began electrified service between Blankenese and Ohlsdorf with single phase AC supply of 25 Hz and a voltage of 6.6 kV. This had a forerunner in the 1866 opened Hamburg-Altonaer Verbindungsbahn, which connected the station in Altona (today the town hall) with the then newly opened station Hamburg-Klosterthor. (The old station building at Sternschanze still stands today.) In 1924 electrical operation was extended to Poppenbüttel. Originally overhead-powered electrical motor coaches were used until 1939, when, after good experiences in Berlin, they started to be replaced by 1200 V DC third rail trains. The Second World War delayed the final conversion until 1955. Steam locomotives remained in use until 1954 between Blankenese and Wedel. The third rail electrification is still in use today. The network was extended after the war by some kilometres into the periphery of Hamburg. In addition in 1975 there was opened the underground section between Hauptbahnhof and Landungsbrücken stations, which was then extended to Altona in 1979. In 1983/84 operation was extended to Harburg and Neugraben with another underground section in Harburg.
Route network The route network now comprises six lines, covering 115 km. The operator is S-Bahn Hamburg GmbH, a subsidiary of DB Regio. The Hamburg S-Bahn is part of the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund HVV. Lines with single-digit numbers go through the inner-city tunnel ("City-S-Bahn"), lines with two-digit numbers use the Verbindungsbahn via Hamburg-Dammtor.
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