July 11
July 11 is the 192nd day (193rd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 173 days remaining. Eventsup to 18th century1302 - Battle of the Golden Spurs (Guldensporenslag in Dutch) - the Flemish cities beat the king of France.1346 - Charles IV of Luxembourg elected emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.1576 - Martin Frobisher sights Greenland.1616 - Samuel de Champlain returns to Quebec. 1533 - King Henry VIII of England is excommunicated.1740 - Jews expelled from Little Russia.1750 - Halifax, Nova Scotia almost completely destroyed by fire.1776 - Captain James Cook begins third voyage.1796 - The U.S takes possession of Detroit from Great Britain under terms of the Jay Treaty.1798 - The United States Marine Corps is re-established; they had been disbanded after the American Revolutionary War.
19th century1804 - In a duel, Vice President Aaron Burr kills Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton.1811 - Italian scientist Amedeo Avogadro publishes his memoire about molecular content of gases.1848 - The Waterloo railway station in London opens.1859 - A Tale Of Two Cities by Charles Dickens is published.1864 - Confederate forces attempt an invasion of Washington DC.1893 - The first cultured pearl is obtained by Kokichi Mikimoto.1895 - The brothers Lumière show film for scientists.1897 - Salomon August Andr%e9e leaves Spitsbergen to try to reach the North pole by balloon. He later crashes and dies.
20th century1910s-1960s1914 - Babe Ruth debuts in major league baseball.1919 - Eight-hour working day and free Sunday made into law in the Netherlands.1921 - Truce called in the Irish War of Independence; see Irish calendar.1921 - Former US President William Howard Taft sworn in as 10th Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court, becoming the only person to ever be both President and Chief Justice.1921 - Mongolia becomes independent (from China).1936 - Triborough Bridge in New York City is opened to traffic.1940 - Vichy Regime formally established in France. (and Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Prime Minister of France).1943 - The Germans counter-attack on Sicily.1944 - Franklin Delano Roosevelt says he will run for a fourth term as president of the United States.1955 - The phrase In God We Trust is added to all US currency.1960 - Dahomey (now Benin), Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), and Niger all gain independence.1962 - First transatlantic satellite television transmission.1962 - Soviet cosmonaut Micolaev is four days in space, a record.1970s-1990s1971 - Copper mines in Chile nationalised.1973 - A Brazilian Boeing 707 crashes near Paris on approach to Orly Airport, resulting in the death of 122 people.1975 - Chinese archeologists discover a large burial site with 6,000 clay statutes of warriors from 221 BC.1977 - Martin Luther King is posthumously rewarded the Medal of Freedom.1979 - The space station Skylab returns to Earth.1982 - Defeating West Germany 3–1 at Santiago Bernabéu stadium, Italy wins 1982 edition of the Football World Cup.1983 - A Boeing 727 crashes into hilly terrain after a tail strike in Cuenca, Ecuador, claiming 119 lives.1987 - According to the United Nations, the world population crosses the 5,000,000,000 mark.1991 - A Nigerian DC-8 crashes while landing at Jeddah, Saudi Arabia killing 2611991 - Total solar eclipse in Hawaii.1995 - Full diplomatic relations are established between the United States and Vietnam.1995 - Bosnian Serbs capture the Muslim city of Srebrenica. Many inhabitants are murdered, beginning the so-called Srebrenica Massacre.1995 - A Cubana de Aviacion Antonov AN-24 crashes into the Caribbean off southeast Cuba killing 44
Birthsup to 19th century1274 - Robert the Bruce, king of Scotland (1306-1329)1657 - King Frederick I of Prussia (1701-1713)1754 - Thomas Bowdler, medical doctor and literary censor (d. 1825)1767 - John Quincy Adams, president of the United States (1825-1829) (d. 1848)1844 - King Peter of Serbia (d. 1921)1857 - Alfred Binet, psychologist (d. 1911)1897 - Eugene "Bull" Connor, sheriff of Birmingham, Alabama, resisted civil rights (d. 1973)1899 - E. B. White, writer (d. 1985)
20th century1900s-1970s1903 - O. E. Hasse, actor (d. 1978)1906 - Herbert Wehner, politician (d. 1990)1910 - Irene Hervey, actress (d. 1998)1913 - Cordwainer Smith, writer1916 - Gough Whitlam, twenty-first Prime Minister of Australia1921 - Ilse Werner, actress1924 - Brett Somers, actor1925 - Nicolai Gedda, Swedish tenor1926 - Frederick Buechner, author1929 - Hermann Prey, German baritone (d. 1998)1930 - Harold Bloom, literary critic1931 - Tab Hunter, actor1934 - Giorgio Armani, fashion designer1939 - Seth Gaaikema, Dutch comedian1949 - Liona Boyd, classical guitarist1950 - Bruce McGill, actor1957 - Michael Rose, musician (Black Uhuru)1959 - Suzanne Vega, singer1959 - Richie Sambora, singer/guitarist (Bon Jovi)1968 - Esera Tuaolo, USA NFL Player1973 - Konstantinos Kenteris, Greek athlete1976 - Lil' Kim, rapper1976 - Eduardo Najera, Mexican-born NBA basketball player
1980s1983 - Marie Eleonor Serneholt, oldest of the A-Teens1984 - Tanith Belbin, American skater1987 - Conor Kenny, Brown Lord of the Mount
Deathsca. 155 - Pope Pius I472 - Anthemius, Emperor of the Western Empire (legal murder)937 - Rudolph II of Burgundy969 - Olga of Kiev1804 - Alexander Hamilton, United States Secretary of the Treasury (duel)1937 - George Gershwin, American composer (b. 1898)1959 - Charlie Parker, cricketer (b. 1882)1971 - John W. Campbell, science fiction writer and editor1974 - Pär Lagerkvist, author, 1951 winner of the Nobel Prize for literature1994 - Gary Kildall, computer programmer (b. 1942)1989 - Sir Laurence Olivier, English actor2000 - Robert Runcie, Archbishop of Canterbury (b. 1921)2001 - Herman Brood, singer and artist (suicide)2004 - Laurance Rockefeller, conservationist and philanthropist
Holidays and observancesBelgium (partially) - Flemish Day (1302)Benin - Independence Day (1960)Burkina Faso - Independence Day (1960)Ireland - National Day of Commemoration held on nearest Sunday to this date (see Irish calendar).Mongolia - Naadam HolidayNiger - Independence Day (1960)Feast Day of Saint Olga (first Russian Saint)Feast Day of Saint Benedictus (founder of the Benedictine Order)
External links BBC: On This Day
July 10 - July 12 - June 11 - August 11 -- listing of all days
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