List of Unix programs
This is a list of Unix programss. Some of these programs are standard utilities that will be found on any Unix or Unix-like operating system; indeed a system without such basic components as ls or sh could scarcely be described as truly Unix-like. Others are more special-purpose and may not be installed by default. Finally, some items on this list are simply separate applications which happen to have been written for Unix. Many MS-DOS commands are similar to, or based on these commands. See List of DOS commands for more information.
System Managementadmin – Administer SCCS filesfuser (Unix) – Identify processes by files or socketsmesg – Control write access to your terminalnewgrp – Log in to a new groupnohup – Run a command with immunity to hangups outputting to non–ttypathchk – Check the validity/portability of filenameslogger – Make entries in the system logsh – The Bourne shell, the standard Unix shelldd – Disk Dumpdirname – Strip non–directory suffixes from a pathecho – Print to standard outputenv – Show or change environment variablesfile (or stat)– Determine the type of a file strip – Discard symbols from object filesuptime – Print how long the system has been running
Kernel specificipcs – Provide information on IPC facilitiesipcrm – Remove a message queue, semaphore set or shared memory iddate – Print or set the system date and/or timeuname – Print assorted system statistics
Processes and tasks managementnice – Alter priorities for processestime – Time a commandtop – Produce a dynamic list of all resident processeswait – Wait for the specified processrenice – Alter the priorities of an already running processreturn – Return a valuechroot – Change the system root directory for all child processestimex – time process shell execution, measure process data and system activitykill – Send a signal to process, or terminate a process (by PID)killall – Terminate all processes (in Linux, it's kill by name)crontab – Crontab file editorat – Single–time command schedulercron – Periodic command schedulerdaemonic – Interface to daemon init scriptssleep – Delay for specified timeps – Report process statusanacron – Periodic command scheduler
User management and supportsu – Start a new process (defaults to shell) as a different user (defaults to root)logname – Print user's login namepasswd – User and group entries for daemonswrite – Send a message to another userwho – Show who is logged onid – Print real/effective UIDs/GIDsman – Manual browserlocale – Get locale specific informationlocaledef – Compile locale definitions
=Terminal configuration=stty – Change and print terminal line settingstty – Print filename of terminal connected to standard inputtput – Initialize a terminal/query terminfo database
Files and textsCoreutils - gnu package, containing a lot of file, text, and shell utilities.
Filesystem Utilitieschgrp – Change the group of a file or directorychmod – Change the permissions of a file or directorychown – Change the owner of a file or directorycp – Copy a file or directory to another locationdf – Report disk spacedu (Unix) – Calculate used disk spacefsck – File System ChecKln – Link one file/directory to anotherls – List directory contentsmkdir – Make a directorymkfifo – Make a named pipemount – Make a volume accessible through VFSmv – Move/rename a file or directorypwd – Print the current working directoryrm – Delete a file or directoryrmdelrmdir – Delete a directorytouch – Create a new file or update its modification timeunlink
Archivers and compressionafio – Compatible superset of cpio with added functionalityar – Maintain, modify, and extract from archives. Now largely obsoleted by tarbzip2 – Block–sorting file compressorcompress – Traditional compressor using the LZW algorithmcpio – A traditional archiving tool/formatgzip – The gzip file compressorpax – POSIX archive tool that handles multiple formats.tar – Tape ARchiver, concatenates fileszcat – Prints files to stdout from gzip archives without unpacking them to separate file(s)
Text Processingawk – A pattern scanning and processing languagecmp – Compare two files byte for bytecomm – Sort two files and compare them line for linediff – Compare two files line by lineexpand – Convert tabs <–> spacesgrep – Print lines matching a pattern (now largely superceded by egrep)merge - three way merge of files (see also paste)tail – Output the tail end of filestr – Translate charactersuniq - remove duplicate lines from a sorted filewc – Word/line/byte count
=Editors=ed – Traditional line-based Unix text editoremacs – Powerful Lisp–based text editor and general computing environmentex – Text editor, often a symbolic link to vi (or vim) which causes it to run in ex emulation modeNEdit – The multi-purpose X11 editornano – Clone of picopico – PIne's message COmposition editorvi – Visual text editorvim – Vi IMproved, vi clone with syntax highlighting and many other ehancementsXEmacs – Popular version of emacs that is derived from GNU emacs
Conversioniconv – Convert the encoding of the specified filesnkf – convert Japanese characters
More unsortedfold – Wrap each input line to fit within the given widthfc find – Search for files through a directory hierarchysplit – Split a file into piecessort – Sort lines of text filestsort – Perform a topological sorthead – Output the first parts of a filejoin – Join lines of two files on a common fieldless – Improved more–like text pagermore – Pagernl – Number the lines of a fileod – Dump files in various formats, e.g. octalpaste – Merge lines of filespatch – Change files based on a patch filecut – Remove sections from each line of a file or standard inputcsplit – Split a file into sections determined by context linescat – Concatenate files to standard outputcksum – Print the CRC checksum and bytecount of a file (see also MD5)tac – The reverse of cat -- displays files to standard output in reverse order starting at the end of the filetee – Read from standard input, write to standard output and filesuncompress unexpand – Convert spaces to tabs uudecode uuencode sed – Stream EDitor
Communication, networking and remote accessApache webserverNFS - network filesystemrsh, SSH, telnet - remote consolessamba – SMB and CIFS client and server for UNIX
Network system servicesxinetd – Replacement for inetdfingerdinetd
Network Utilitiesdhcpdifconfigpingpppd
Network monitoring and securityEtherealettercapJohn the RipperNmapNessustcpdump
Otheruux uustat elm - Unix mail utility programmailx – Email sending utilitytalk – Talk to another logged–in user
Programming toolsScript Interpretersperl – Perl scripting languagephp – PHP scripting languagePython – Python scripting languagebash – Bourne Again SHell, standard shell and a script interpreter on linux systems
c99cc – C Compilerctags – Generate tags file summarising location of objects in source filesdistcc – Tool for distributing compiles across multiple machinesfort77 – Fortran 77 compilergcc – GNU Compiler Collectionlex – Lexical scanner generatorm4 – Macro languagemake – Automate buildsnm – List symbols from object filesyacc – Parser generator
expr – evaluate expressionsfalse – Return a value that evaluates as Falsetrue – Return a value that evaluates as Truexargs – Build and execute command lines from standard outputbasename – Returns the final component of a pathbatchunsetcontinue – Skip the current iteration of a loopstrings – Print strings of printable characters found in a filetimes test – Test an expressionhash shift
User interface
X11 etcDesktops/Graphical User InterfacesBlackbox – and its variants (including Fluxbox and Waimea)CDE – Common Desktop Environment, Most commonly found on proprietary UNIX systemsEnlightenmentFvwm and its variant Fvwm95, which has been modified to behave like Windows 95GNOME – GNU Network Object Model EnvironmentIceWM – ICE Window ManagerKDE – K Desktop EnvironmentAqua – Apple's GUI interface for the Darwin BSD based operating system Mac OS XWindow MakerWMI – Window Manager ImprovedXFce
Shellsbash – Bourne Again SHell, standard shell on linux systemscsh – C shellksh – Korn shell, standard shell on most proprietary Unix systemstcsh – TENEX C shell, standard shell on BSD systemszsh – Z shellClamAV email virus scannerEnigmail – Graphical interface to gpg for Mozilla and Mozilla Thunderbirdgpg – GNU Privacy Guard, a complete and free replacement for PGP (to do file and email encryption and signature)openssl – Secure Sockets Layer and general crypto librarypinepgp – Filters which enable pine to use signed/encrypted email
Linux specific programsapt – Front–end for dpkg or rpmdebconf – Debian package configuration management systemdrakconf – Frond–end configuration utility for Mandrake Linux dpkg – The Debian package manageremerge – A frontend to portagefink – The Fink package managerrpm – Originally the package manager for Red Hat Linux, now used by several distributions including Mandrake Linuxportage – The Gentoo Linux package managerurpmi – Front–end to rpm, used by Mandrake Linux
OpenOffice.orgKOffice
Audacity – Sound recording and editing programGIMP – Powerful image manipulation packageGStreamer – Plugin-based multimedia frameworkImageMagick – Image conversion librarympg123 – MP3 playerMPlayer – Movie playerRosegarden – Powerful digital audio workstationsox – sound conversion tooltotem – Movie playertranscode – Flexible command-line media encoding toolxine – Video Playerxmms – Winamp like multimedia player
Dillo – Extremely light–weight web browserGaleon – Light–weight old GNOME web browserEpiphany – Light–weight GNOME web browserKonqueror – KDE web browserLinks – Console based web browserELinks – Enhanced linkslynx – Console based web browserMozilla – Graphical cross platform web browser & email clientMozilla Firefox – Extensible Web browser from MozillaMozilla Thunderbird – Extensible Email client from MozillaOpera – Web browser and e-mail client
Desktop PublishingGroff – Traditional typesetting systemLaTeX – Popular TeX macro package for higher–level typesettinglp – Print a file (on a line printer)pr – Convert text files for printingprintf – Format and print dataScribusTeX – High–quality macro–based typesetting system
DB2FirebirdMySQLOraclePostgreSQLProgress (DBMS) SQLite[[Sybase]" class="external">[1]
Mathematical and scientific softwaremaxima – Symbol manipulation programunits – Unit conversion programDesktop utilitiesdc – reverse-Polish desk calculator which supports unlimited precision arithmeticfortune – Fortune cookie program that prints a random quotebc – an arbitrary precision calculator language with syntax similar to the C programming language.cal – Displays a calendar
See alsoList of GNU packagesList of open source software packages
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