Nitrobenzol
Nitrobenzene, also known as nitrobenzol or oil of mirbane, is a poisonous organic compound with an almond odor and chemical formula . It may be found as either bright yellow crystals or an oily insoluble liquid. It is used as a solvent and as a mild oxidizing agent. It is most frequently used specifically in the manufacture of aniline, but also used in the manufacture of insulating compounds and polishes.
Characteristics
Uses
While nitrobenzene is primarily used in the production of aniline and aniline derivatives, such as methyl diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI), it also finds use in the manufacture of rubber chemicals, pesticides, dyes, and pharmaceuticals. Nitrobenzene is also used in shoe and floor polishes, leather dressings, paint solvents, and other materials to mask unpleasant odors. Substitution reactions with nitrobenzene are used to form m-derivatives (Mannsville 1991; Sittig 1991). Redistilled, as oil of mirbane, nitrobenzene has been used as an inexpensive perfume for soaps. A significant merchant market for nitrobenzene is its use in the production of the analgesic acetaminophen (Mannsville 1991).
Production
There were four producers of nitrobenzene in the United States in 1991: First Chemicals Corporation, Mobay, DuPont Chemicals, and Rubicon Inc. In 1991, the estimated total production capacity of nitrobenzene in the U.S. was 1,360 million pounds (617 gigagrams) (Mannsville 1991).
External links http://www.epa.gov/chemfact/nitro-sd.txt http://www.epa.gov/chemfact/nitro-sd.pdf
|
|
