November 4
November 4 is the 308th day of the year (309th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 57 days remaining. Events 1500-1899 1576 - Eighty Years' War: In Belgium, Spain captures Antwerp (after three days the city was nearly destroyed). 1612 - Moscow China Town taken by Russian troops under command of Dmitry Pozharsky 1677 - The future Mary II of England marries William, Prince of Orange. They would later be known as William and Mary. 1852 - Count Camillo Benso di Cavour became the prime minister of Piedmont-Sardinia, which soon expanded to become Italy. 1861 - The University of Washington opens in Seattle, Washington as the Territorial University 1864 - American Civil War: Battle of Johnsonville - Confederate troops bombard a Union supply base and destroy millions of dollars in material. 1869 - The first issue of scientific journal Nature is published. 1884 - U.S. presidential election, 1884: Democrat Grover Cleveland defeats Republican James G. Blaine in a very close contest to win the first of his non-consecutive terms. 1889 - Menelek of Shoa obtains the allegiance of a large majority of the Ethiopian nobility, paving the way for him to be crowned emperor. 1890 - City & South London Railway: London's first deep level tube railway opens between King William Street and Stockwell.1899 - Sigmund Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams is published.
1900-1999 1918 - World War I: Austria-Hungary surrenders to Italy. 1918 - The German Revolution began when forty-thousand sailors took over the port in Kiel. 1921 - The Sturmabteilung or SA is formally formed by Adolf Hitler 1922 - In Egypt, British archaeologist Howard Carter and his men find the entrance to King Tutankhamen's tomb in the Valley of the Kings. 1924 - Nellie Tayloe Ross of Wyoming elected as the first woman governor in the United States. 1928 - Arnold Rothstein, New York City's most notorious gambler, is shot to death over a poker game. 1939 - World War II: US President Franklin D. Roosevelt orders the United States Customs Service to implement the Neutrality Act of 1939, allowing cash-and-carry purchases of weapons by belligerents. 1942 - World War II: Second Battle of El Alamein - Disobeying a direct order by Adolf Hitler, General Field Marshal Erwin Rommel leads his forces on a five-month retreat. 1948 - T.S. Eliot wins the Nobel Prize in Literature. 1952 - U.S. presidential election, 1952: Republican Dwight D. Eisenhower defeats Democrat Adlai Stevenson. 1956 - Soviet troops invade Hungary to crush the Hungarian revolution that started on October 23. Thousands are killed, more are wounded and nearly a quarter million leave the country. 1957 - The Soviet Union launches Sputnik 2 with a dog named Laika on board, becoming the first country to launch a living creature into orbit. The capsule was not designed to be retrievable and she died a few hours later from stress and overheating. 1960 - Filming wraps on The Misfits, starring Marilyn Monroe and Clark Gable (this was the last film either performed in). 1966 - Two thirds of Florence, Italy are submerged as the Arno and Po rivers flood; 113 people die, 30,000 are rendered homeless, and countless rennaisance artworks and books are destroyed. 1970 - Vietnam War: Vietnamization - The United States turns control of the air base in the Mekong Delta over to South Vietnam. 1979 - Iran hostage crisis begins: Iranian radicals, mostly students, invade the United States embassy in Tehran and take 90 hostages (63 of whom are American). 1980 - U.S. presidential election, 1980: Republican challenger Ronald Reagan defeats incumbent Democrat Jimmy Carter by a wide margin. 1986 - The Iran-Contra scandal is first made public in Lebanese magazine "Al Shiraa". 1993 - Jean Chrétien takes office as Prime Minister of Canada. 1993 - Bolivia becomes a member of the Berne Convention copyright treaty. 1993 - A series of fires destroy 1000 homes in southern California, causing between 500 million and 1 billion USD of damage. Half of the fires turn out to be arson. 1995 - After attending a peace rally in Tel Aviv's Kings Square, Israeli prime minister Yitzhak Rabin is mortally wounded by an extreme right-wing Israeli assassin. He dies of his wounds later that night in a Tel Aviv Hospital.
2000-2099 2001 - Hurricane Michelle hits Cuba destroying crops and thousands of homes. 2001 - The Police Service of Northern Ireland is established. 2003 - The largest ever solar flare is recorded. (X28)
Births 1400-18991470 - King Edward V of England, one of the two Princes in the Tower1631 - Mary of Orange, eldest daughter of Charles I of England and mother of William III of England1744 - Johann Bernoulli, III, Swiss mathematician1765 - Pierre Girard, French mathematician (d. 1836)1874 - Aleksandr Vasilevich Kolchak, Russian military commander (d. 1920)1879 - Will Rogers, American humorist and entertainer (d. 1935)
1900-19991909 - Skeeter Webb, American baseball player (d. 1986)1912 - Vadim Salmanov, composer (d. 1978)1914 - Martin Balsam, actor (d. 1996)1916 - Walter Cronkite, news broadcaster1918 - Art Carney, actor (d. 2003)1923 - Freddy Heineken, Dutch businessman (d. 2002)1929 - Doris Roberts, actress1932 - Thomas Klestil, president of Austria (d. 2004) 1932 - Noam Pitlik, actor/director (d. 1999)1937 - Loretta Swit, American actress1944 - Scherrie Payne, singer; member of The Supremes1946 - Robert Mapplethorpe, American photographer (d. 1989)1946 - Laura Bush, First Lady of the United States1951 - Traian Băsescu, president of Romania1955 - Matti Vanhanen, prime minister of Finland1961 - Kathy Griffin, comedienne, actress1961 - Ralph Macchio, actor1969 - Matthew McConaughey, American actor1969 - P. Diddy, American rap musician1972 - Luis Figo, Portuguese football star1975 - Eduard Kokcharov, Handball player
Deaths 1600-18991652 - Jean-Charles de la Faille, Belgian mathematician1698 - Rasmus Bartholin, Danish mathematician1847 - Felix Mendelssohn, German composer1870 - Comte de Lautreamont, poet, writer
1900-19991918 - Wilfred Owen, British poet1924 - Gabriel Fauré, French composer1928 - Arnold Rothstein, gambler1930 - Buddy Bolden, American jazz musician (b. 1877)1955 - Cy Young, American baseball player1956 - Art Tatum, American jazz musician1968 - Michel Kikoine, Belarus painter (b. 1892)1980 - Elsie MacGill, aeronautical engineer, "Queen of the Hurricanes"1982 - Dominique Dunne, actress (Poltergeist) (b. 1959)1986 - Kurt Hirsch, German mathematician1995 - Yitzhak Rabin, Prime Minister of Israel
2000-20992000 - Ian Sneddon, British mathematician2003 - Richard Wollheim, British philosopher
Holidays - Italy - celebration of the victory on WWI, the day of the Armed Forces
- Bahá'í Faith - Feast of Qudrat (Power) - First day of the 13th month of the Bahá'í Calendar
External links - BBC: On This Day
November 3 - November 5 - October 4 - December 4 - more historical anniversaries
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