The work is repeatable. The driving factor behind this development has been the need to cut costs during the recession following the events of September 11, 2001, while the enabling factor has been the global electronic network that allows digital data to be accessed and shipped instantly, from and to anywhere in the world.
Some of the major countries that provide such services are India (Programming and IT), Russia (Programming and R&D), Romania(Programming and IT), the Philippines (Data Entry and Customer Support), China (Programming), and many others.
The advent of the Internet has enabled individuals and small businesses to contract freelancers from all over the world to get projects done at a minimum cost. This trend runs in parallel with the tendency towards big corporations' outsourcing, and may in the future serve to strengthen small business' capacity to compete with their bigger competitors capable of setting up offshore locations or of arriving at major contracts with offshore companies. See Freelancing on the Internet.
There are different views on the impact on society, which reflects the attitude of Protectionism versus Free Trade. Some see it as a potential threat to the domestic job market and ask for government protective measures, while others (and not just corporations) see it as an opportunity.
See also
