Pattani Province
Pattani (Thai ปัตตานี) is one of the southern provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from south-east clockwise) Narathiwat, Yala and Songkhla.
Geography
Pattani is located on the Malay Peninsula, with the coast of the Gulf of Thailand in the north. In the south mountainous landscape with the Sankalakhiri mountain range, including the Budo-Sungai Padi national park, is located at the border to Yala and Narathiwat, protecting hill forests with rare vegetation such as the Bangsoon palm and Takathong rattan, as well as birds like the hornbill. Namtok Sai Khao on the border with Songkhla and Yala is a forest park, remarkable for the Sai Khao waterfall.
History
Historically Pattani was the centre of the semi-independent Malay Pattani kingdom, but paying tribute to the Thai kingdoms of Sukhothai and Ayutthaya. After Ayutthaya fell in 1767 Pattani gained full independence, but under King Rama I it again came under Siam's control. In 1909, it was annexed by Siam as part of a treaty negotiated with the British Empire. Both Yala and Narathiwat were originally part of Pattani, but were split off and became provinces of their own. There exists a separatist movement in Pattani, which after being dormant for many years erupted again in 2004.
Demographics
Pattani is one of the four provinces of Thailand where the majority of the population are Malay Muslim, making up 88% of the population. The Pattani Malays are very similar in ethnicity and culture to the Malays of Kelantan, Malaysia.
Symbols
Administrative divisions
Pattani is subdivided into 12 districts (Amphoe), which are further subdivided into 115 communes (tambon) and 629 villages (mubaan).
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