Phospholipase
A phospholipase is an enzyme that converts phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. There are four major classes, termed A, B, C and D.
Phospholipase A (PLA)
A2 catalyses the first step in the formation of arachidonic acid, the precursor of eicosanoids (leukotrienes, prostaglandins). Some eicosanoids are synthesized from diacylglycerol, released from the lipid bilayer by the phospholipase C (see below). The PDB code for phospolipase A2 is 1CJY; the EC code is EC 3.1.1.4.
Phospholipase B (PLB)
:To be written
Phospholipase C (PLC)
:To be expanded (Bacillus Cereus: PDB 1AH7, EC 3.1.4.3)
Phospholipase C is a key enzyme in phosphatidylinositol (PI) metabolism. It is activated by either G proteins (making it part of a G protein-coupled receptor signal transduction pathway) or by transmembrane receptors with intrinsic or associated tyrosine kinase activity. It converts phosphatidylinositol to either inositol triphosphate or diacylglycerol.
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