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Encyclopedia :
R :
RE :
REG :
Regia Marina |
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Regia MarinaThe Royal Italian Navy, Regia Marina, was created after the Italian unification. With the birth of the Italian Republic (1946), it changed its name to Marina Militare Italiana. HistoryPre-World War IJuly 20, 1866: Sea battle against Austrian fleet (Battle of Lissa), near the island of Vis in the Adriatic sea. It was the last major seabattle that involved ramming.World War IAbout 4 Dreadnought battleships were built, but were not involved in major naval actions. For most of the war the Italian and Austrian navy kept a passive watch on their counter-parts. However, some actions were taken, by both parts. The Austrian successfully sabotaged and sank battleships Benedetto Brin (Brindisi, 27 September 1915) and Leonardo da Vinci (Taranto, 2 August 1916). Regia Marina attacked the harbour of Pola, sinking the battleship Viribus Unitis, 1 November 1918. After World War IThe fascist government decided to enpower the Regia Marina, in the foreseeable struggle against British Royal Navy's Mediterranean Fleet. It was decided to base the strategy on fast, long shooting ships, in order to minimize contact with better experienced British fleet. Therefore, new guns were developed, which had smaller caliber but longer range than British counterparts; furthermore, in order to allow higher speeds, Italian new ships were designed with thinner protections (see, for example, Giovanni dalle Bande Nere). World War IIThe navy had, at this time, a mix of modernised and new battleships. It challenged the British Royal Navy for supremacy of the Mediterranean. Morally the Royal Navy gained the upper hand after several clashes. The British attack at the naval base of Taranto (Battle of Taranto) was a very successful attack by carrier-borne aircrafts carrying torpedoes against Italian battleships in harbor. This is considered to be one of the inspirations for the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor. The most successful attack performed by the Italian navy was by divers planting mines on British battleships in harbor at Alexandria. Italian ships were generally regarded as well-designed and good-looking, but proved to be rather deficient in anti-aircraft armament and radar. ShipsPre-World War IBattleships
Saint Bon class: Regina Margherita class: Regina Elena class: Dante Alighieri class: Cavour class: CruisersGaribaldi class:Vettror Pisani class: Pisa class: San Giorigio class: Piemonte class: Lombardia class: Libia class: DestroyersLampo class:Nembo class: Soldati Artigliere class: Soldati Alpino class: Indomito class: Ardito class: Audace class: Pilo class: World War IIAircraft carriers Aquila (modification of the liner Roma, built but never used) and Sparviero (modification of the liner Augustus, never completed) BattleshipsCavour class: Conte di Cavour, Giulio Cesare (extensively modernised WWI battleships) - guns 10 x 320 mm, 27 knots, 25000 t Duilio class: Andrea Doria, Caio Duilio (extensively modernised WWI battleships) - guns 10 x 320 mm, 27 knots, 25000 t Vittorio Veneto class: Littorio/Italia, Vittorio Veneto, Roma, Impero (not completed) - guns 9 x 381 mm, 30 knots, 45000 t Heavy cruisersTrento class: Trento, Trieste, Bolzano - guns 8 x 230 mm, 36 knots, 10000 t Zara class: Zara, Fiume, Goriza, Goriza - guns 8 x 230 mm, 36 knots, 10000 t Light cruisersCondottieri (or di Giussano) class: Alberto di Giussano, Alberico da Barbiano, Bartolomeo Colleoni, Giovanni dalle Bande Nere Cadorna class: Luigi Cadorna, Armando Diaz Duca d'Aosta class: Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta, Eugenio di Savoia Duca degli Abruzzi class: Luigi Savoia Duca degli Abruzzi, Giuseppe Garibaldi Montecuccoli class: Raimondo Montecuccoli, Muzio Attendolo Capitani Romani class: Attilio Regolo, Giulio Germanico, Pompeo Magno, Scipione Africano Taranto, San Giorgio, Bari DestroyersLeone class: 3 vessels - 2283 t Navigatori class: 12 vessels - 2010 t Oriani class: 4 vessels - 1950 t Soldati class: 12 vessels (divided into First Soldati or Camicia Nera and Second soldati class) - 1620 t, among which Artigliere and Lanciere Grecale class: 4 vessels - 1449 t Dardo class: 4 vessels - 1450 t Mirabello class: 2 vessels - 1383 t Folgore class: 4 vessels - 1220 t Borea class: 8 vessels - 1092 t Sauro class: 4 vessels - 1058 t Sella class: 2 vessels - 935 t Submarines600-Serie Acciaio class: 13 vessels - 715 t, among which Bronzo and Cobalto 600-Serie Adua class: 17 vessels - 698 t, coastal submarines, among which Alagi, Ascianghi, Axum, Dessiè, and Sciré 600-Serie Argonauta class: 7 vessels - 665 t, among which Salpa 600-Serie Perla class: 10 vessels - 700 t, among which Iride 600-Serie Sirena class: 12 vessels - 701 t Archimede class: 2 vessels - 985 t Argo class: 2 vessels - 794 t Balilla class: 4 vessels - 1450 t, among which Enrico Toti Bandiera class: 4 vessels - 941 t Bragadin class: 2 vessels - 981 t Brin class: 5 vessels - 1016 t Cagni class: 4 vessels - 1708 t Calvi class: 5 vessels - 1550 t Classe R class: 2 vessels - 2210 t Fieramosca class: 1 vessel - 1556 t Flutto - 1st series class: 8 vessels - 958 t Flutto - 2nd series class: 8 vessels - 958 t Foca class: 3 vessels - 1333 t Glauco class: 2 vessels - 1055 t Liuzzi class: 4 vessels - 1187 t, among which Bagnolini Mameli class: 3 vessels - 830 t Marcello class: 11 vessels - 1063 t Marconi class: 6 vessels - 1195 t Micca class: 1 vessel - 1570 t Pisani class: 4 vessels - 880 t, among which Vittor Pisani Settembrini class: 2 vessels - 953 t Squalo class: 4 vessels - 933 t Major events Battle of Lissa (1866) World War IIExternal links
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