Umbriel (moon)
Umbriel (um'-bree-el) is a moon of Uranus discovered on 1851-10-24 by William Lassell. It was discovered at the same time as Ariel.
Name
The name "Umbriel" and the names of all four satellites of Uranus then known were suggested by John Herschel in 1852 at the request of Lassell ([1]). Lassell had earlier endorsed Herschel's 1847 naming scheme for the seven then-known satellites of Saturn and had named his newly-discovered eighth satellite Hyperion in accordance with Herschel's naming scheme in 1848. It is also designated Uranus II.
Physical characteristics
So far the only close-up images of Umbriel are from the Voyager 2 probe, which made observations of the moon during its Uranus flyby in January, 1986. During the flyby the southern hemisphere of the moon was pointed towards the Sun so only it was studied. Umbriel's surface is the darkest of the Uranian moons, and it is also the least geologically active. It is mostly composed of water ice, with the balance made up of silicate rock and methane ice. Most of its methane ice is on its surface. Coincidentally, Umbriel's dark colour suits its name: Umbriel is the 'dusky melancholy sprite' in Alexander Pope's The Rape of the Lock, and the name suggests the Latin umbra, shadow. Umbriel's most prominent feature is Wunda, a large ring of bright material (see picture). Wunda is presumably some kind of crater, but its exact nature is mysterious.
See alsoList of craters on Umbriel
External links William Lassell, Astronomical Journal 2 (1851) 70 AN, 33 (1852) 257/258 AN, 34 (1852) 325/326
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