Vienna Awards
The two Vienna Awards or Vienna Arbitration Awards or Vienna Arbitral Awards or Vienna Diktats or Viennese Arbitrals is the name of two arbitral awards (1938 and 1940), by which arbiters of the National Socialist Germany and of Fascist Italy tried to enforce territorial claims of the Revisionist Hungary ruled by Horthy peacefully. The awards enabled Hungary to occupy territories in present-day Slovakia, Ukraine and Romania, which Hungary had lost by the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 in the course of the dissolution of Austria-Hungary at the end of World War I, and had always tried to recapture since then.
First Vienna Award
Main article:First Vienna Award By this award, on November 2 1938 Germany and Italy forced Czechoslovakia (and later Slovakia) to cede southern Slovakia and southern Carpatho - Ukraine to Hungary
Second Vienna Award
Main article:Second Vienna Award The second Vienna Award was rendered on August 30, 1940. Germany and Italy forced Romania to cede half of Transylvania to Hungary. The area was henceforward known as "North-Western Transylvania". The rest of Transylvania remained Romanian. In the course of the month of August, Romanian government agreed with Italy's request on territorial cessions toward Bulgaria. On September 7, under the Treaty of Craiova, the Cadrilater or "Quadrilateral" (the southern part of Dobrudja) was ceded by Romania to Bulgaria.
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